To be published, articles must be of good quality, clearly and concisely written, and typed in a word processor compatible with Microsoft Word or LibreOffice (libreoffice.org). They should be sent through the Submit an Article link, or to: Revista Cultura & Saúde — Av. Brasil 2283, São Paulo, Brazil, postcode 01431-001. The journal is not responsible for the opinions expressed in contributions.
ARTICLE STRUCTURE AND GENERAL GUIDANCE FOR AUTHORS AND CONTRIBUTORS
The purpose of scientific writing is to show the reader the main finding and the new ideas of a piece of research or study. Its characteristics are:
- clarity: use of simple words and expressions;
- concision: writing with the fewest possible words and organising the body of the article in a logical structure for the reader’s understanding.
To guide authors and contributors, Cultura & Saúde has drawn up the following guidelines for submitting an article to the journal.
1. Title (and subtitle, if any)
- Maximum of 15 words;
- in bold;
- first letter capitalised;
- must be clear and objective, showing the main result of the work.
2. Authorship
- State at the beginning of the article:
- full name;
- most recent qualification, full name of the institution (acronym in brackets), city, state and country;
- position and full name of the institution (acronym in brackets), city, state and country.
Example:
Alexandre Campos Moraes Amato
Universidade de Santo Amaro (UNISA). Discipline of Vascular Surgery. São Paulo, SP, Brazil. - Provide the author’s short biography in the journal’s electronic system, under the Author item of the submission metadata, in the Biography Summary field, with the following information:
- most recent qualification, full name of the institution (acronym in brackets), city, state and country;
- position and full name of the institution (acronym in brackets), city, state and country.
3. Resumo, Abstract, Resumen
(ABNT NBR 6022:2003)
- maximum of 250 words;
- must present problem, solution and conclusions;
- a sequence of concise, objective sentences containing:
- Context: one or two sentences identifying where the work sits within the broader field;
- Gap: a sentence on what remains to be addressed, what requires research, what is not yet understood, what still needs to be studied in this field;
- Purpose: the main objective of the work, what was done. It must connect to the gap;
- Methods: one or two sentences on the methodology used;
- Results: identifies the main results of the research;
- Conclusions: how the result can contribute to the advancement of the broader field in relation to the author’s area of research.
- Notes
- some abstracts begin at the Purpose item. Three items must without exception appear in this section: purpose, results and conclusions;
- for review articles, context and gap are more important, since these differ from a regular scientific article;
- the abstract must be presented in Portuguese, English and Spanish.
- Order of publication according to the language of the text
- Portuguese: Resumo, Abstract, Resumen;
- English: Abstract, Resumo, Resumen.
4. Keywords / Palavras-chave / Palabras clave
- minimum of 3 and maximum of 5;
- essentially relevant and drawn from the text;
- not taken from the title;
- separated by a full stop (.).
Example: Surgery. Vascular. Culture. - Keywords must be presented in Portuguese and English.
5. Presentation
- Number of pages: maximum of 25;
- Paper: A4;
- Margins: 3 cm on the left, 2 cm at top, bottom and right;
- Standard typeface: TIMES NEW ROMAN:
- Titles and subtitles: 14 pt bold;
- body text: 12 pt regular;
- long direct quotations (more than three lines): 10 pt, indented 4 cm from the left margin, without quotation marks or italics;
- page numbers, footnotes and captions: 10 pt.
- Line spacing: double;
- Article sections: 12 pt, uppercase and bold, left-aligned. They are not numbered. Example:
INTRODUCTION
MATERIAL AND METHODS
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
CONCLUSION
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
REFERENCES - Subsections (one sublevel only): 10 pt, uppercase and bold, left-aligned:
ANALYSIS OF THE RESEARCH ELEMENTS - Body text: numbers from zero to ten are written out in full. From 11 onwards, use numerals.
- Illustrations
- charts in MS Excel;
- images at 600 DPI (dots per inch).
- Footnotes
- indications, observations, clarifications or additions to the text made by the author;
- notes mentioned in the text must appear at the foot of the page;
- be objective when placing information in a footnote.
- Reference notes
- indicate documents consulted or other parts of a document in which the subject was addressed;
- avoid referencing publications not consulted directly (citation of a citation — apud).
- Explanatory notes
- comments, additions or translations that would interrupt the logical sequence if placed in the text.
6. Introduction
- justifies and defines the problem, announcing the subject;
- summarises the subject and its importance, presenting the general idea;
- briefly discusses the approach taken, delimiting the theme and closing with the presentation of hypotheses and objectives;
- should not be lengthy; it serves to familiarise the reader with the subject:
- Context: the broader field in which the work sits and why that field matters. Terms and jargon are defined here;
- Gap: which questions remain open, which limitations still exist and need to be improved;
- State of the art: the most advanced work in the field of research in question;
- Purpose: the objectives of the work and of the study.
7. Material and Methods
Describes the details of the research design and how the study was conducted. In preparing this section the author should:
- describe with precision and rigour the methods, materials, techniques and equipment used;
- provide information on the statistical methods used and on data transformations, where applicable;
- reference already-known techniques and methods;
- avoid hypotheses and generalisations not grounded in the elements contained in the work.
8. Results and Discussion
- the results obtained must be presented precisely and clearly;
- they may be accompanied by tables, charts, frames or figures with statistical values;
- the experimental data obtained may be analysed and related to the main problems that exist on the subject, providing support for the conclusion;
- the discussion must relate causes and effects;
- indicate the applications and theoretical limitations of the results obtained;
- present new perspectives for the continuation of the research;
- present proposals or suggestions for new research in particular areas.
9. Conclusions
- synthesise the arguments that confirm or refute the hypotheses;
- emphasise the main result;
- provide a brief interpretation of the main results;
- show the importance of those results for the broader field of the work.
10. Appendices
- texts or documents prepared by the author in order to complement the argument;
- they must be identified by consecutive capital letters (APPENDIX A; APPENDIX B), following the pagination of the main text and separated from it by an additional sheet indicating where they begin.
11. Illustrations
(ABNT NBR 14724:2011)
- these include drawings, diagrams, flowcharts, photographs, charts, maps, organisation charts, plans, frames, portraits and others;
- illustrations must provide enough information for the reader to understand them without significant help from the text;
- words used in figures must be identical to those used in the text as regards capitalisation, italics and symbols;
- they must be presented in the order in which they appear in the text. If they are large, send them as separate files, indicating where they should be inserted;
- in illustrations containing more than one image, identify each image with capital letters, for example A, B, C (without brackets and without full stops after the letters) in the upper left corner of each image;
- place the identification above the illustration, preceded by the word figure, chart, frame and so on, numbered sequentially in Arabic numerals, followed by an en dash and the respective title.
Figure 1 – Title;
Chart 1 – Title;
Frame 1 – Title, and so on. - In the running text, refer to figures and tables in lower case.
Caption
- brief and objective;
- with notes and any other information needed for understanding;
- the source consulted is indicated below the illustration;
- the source is a mandatory element even when the work is the author’s own;
- sources must appear in the References section.
- Notes:
- the quality of the figures is as important as the quality of the data and results presented. Simplicity is recommended throughout;
- consider whether the figures are necessary and whether the information could be presented as text;
- there must be a balance between the information in the text and in the captions so that they are not repetitive.
12. Tables
- must be self-explanatory;
- place as close as possible to the point at which they are first mentioned in the text;
- title at the top preceded by the word Table (first letter capitalised), numbered sequentially in Arabic numerals, followed by a hyphen (Table 1 -) and the table title;
- preferably in portrait orientation;
- continuation on the following page:
- delimit with a horizontal rule at the foot;
- repeat the header on the following page;
- indicate with the word “continues” on the first page;
- indicate continuation on the remaining pages, as above;
- indicate conclusion on the last page;
- place information on the source(s) consulted and any other information and notes needed for understanding in the footer. The source(s) must appear in the References section;
- use horizontal rules at the foot of the table to separate the content from the complementary elements, and to separate the header from the title and from the body. Additional horizontal rules may be used within the header and the body. Do not use vertical rules;
- produce the table in Word, using the table menu;
- For further information see: IBGE. Centro de Documentação e Disseminação de Informações. Normas de apresentação tabular. 3rd ed. Rio de Janeiro, 1993. 62p.
13. Acknowledgements
- Acknowledgements of assistance received in preparing the work, mentioned at the end of the article, preceding the References section.
14. References and Citations
References follow the Brazilian ABNT author-date standard. The examples below are reproduced in their original form, since capitalisation, punctuation and the order of the data are themselves part of the standard.
- when selecting the works to be cited, favour:
- pioneering work that began the study of the subject addressed;
- the most recent work (the state of the art of the subject to be studied);
- high-impact work published in the field, in recognised journals and by recognised publishers.
- Citations show where ideas came from, not texts. They must be interpreted and written in the author’s own words. Observe copyright questions (plagiarism and self-plagiarism).
Examples of in-text citations:- One author: Dabas (1998) or (DABAS, 1998).
- Two authors: Gosling and Taylor (2010) or (GOSLING; TAYLOR, 2009).
- Three authors: Duke, Ellis and Marshal (2013) or (DUKE; ELLIS; MARSHAL, 2013).
- More than three authors: Pawson et al. (2004) or (PAWSON et al., 2004).
- Corporate author: Ibict (2011) or (IBICT, 2011).
- Unknown author: Mudanças… (2014) or (MUDANÇAS…, 2014).
- Only references cited in the text should be listed, in alphabetical order, at the end of the article;
- use italics for journal titles in articles, book titles, event titles and so on;
- do not use italics for Latin abbreviations such as et al. or apud, either in in-text citations or in the reference list;
- use capital letters in the reference list for surnames, with given names abbreviated, followed by a full stop and no spaces. This also applies to corporate authors (entry by title) and event titles;
MARZAL, M.A.
ENCICLOPÉDIA Einaudi
ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE PESQUISA EM CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO - for repeated authors and/or titles, use six underscores followed by a full stop (______.);
BRAMAN, S. The micro and macroeconomics of information. Annual Review of Information Science and Technology, v.40, n.1, p.3-52, 2006.
________. An introduction to information policy. In: ______. CHANGE of state: information, policy, and power. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2006. p.1-8. - Organising the reference list
- alphabetical order by author name, taking the number of authors into account;
MARZAL, M.A.
MARZAL, M.A.; PARRA, P.
MARZAL, M.A.; COLMENERO, M.J.; PARRA, P.
MARZAL, M.A. et al. - ascending chronological order for coincident authors;
MARZAL, M.A. (2011)
MARZAL, M.A. (2014) - add lower-case letters after the year for works by the same author in the same year, following the alphabetical order of the title;
MARZAL, M.A. (2011a) Evolución conceptual…
MARZAL, M.A. (2011b) Instrumentos de desarrollo…
MARZAL, M.A. (2011c) La medición de impacto… - align references to the left margin only; do not justify.
- alphabetical order by author name, taking the number of authors into account;
14.1 Authorship
- One author (no spaces between initials)
Reference — PETERS, J.D. Speaking into the air: a history of the idea of communication. Chicago: University of Chicago, 1999. 293p.
Citation — Peters (1999) or (PETERS, 1999) - Two authors (separate authors with a semicolon, no spaces between initials)
Reference — GONZÁLEZ DE GOMEZ, M.N.; LIMA, C.R.M. de. (Org.). Informação e democracia: a reflexão contemporânea da ética e da política. Brasília: Ibict, 2011. 189p.
Citation — González de Gomez and Lima (2011) or (GONZÁLEZ DE GOMEZ; LIMA, 2011) - Three authors (separate authors with a semicolon, no spaces between initials)
Reference — AL-SUQRI, M.N.; LILLARD, L.L.; AL-SALEEM, N.E. Information access and library user needs in developing countries. Hershey, PA: Information Science Reference, 2014. 260p.
Citation — Al-Suqri, Lillard and Al-Saleem (2014) or (AL-SUQRI; LILLARD; AL-SALEEM, 2014) - More than three authors (give the first author followed by et al., not italicised)
Reference — CROCCO, M.A. et al. Metodologia de identificação de arranjos produtivos locais potenciais. Belo Horizonte: UFMG, Cedeplar, 2003. 28p.
Citation — Crocco et al. (2003) or (CROCCO et al., 2003) - Corporate author
Reference — ASSOCIAÇÃO NACIONAL DE EDITORES CIENTÍFICOS (ABEC). Memórias da ABEC Brasil: integridade e ética na publicação científica. Resumos… Gramado, RS, 2011. 26p.
Citation — Associação Nacional dos Editores Científicos – ABEC (2011) or (ASSOCIAÇÃO NACIONAL DE EDITORES CIENTÍFICOS – ABEC, 2011) - Unknown author
- reference by title, with the first word capitalised;
- cite by the first word of the title followed by an ellipsis and the date.
Reference — ENCYCLOPEDIA of Database System. New York: Springer-Verlag, 2009.
Citation — Encyclopedia… (2009) or (ENCYCLOPEDIA…, 2009)
Reference — DIAGNÓSTICO do setor editorial brasileiro. São Paulo: Câmara Brasileira do Livro, 1993. 95p.
Citation — Diagnóstico… (2006) or (DIAGNÓSTICO…, 2006)
14.2 Examples of references and citations
- Electronic publications — follow the same examples as for books, book chapters, journal articles, newspaper articles, dissertations and theses, adding at the end of the reference: Available from: <http://domain/path/file.extension>. Accessed on: day month year. And/or the DOI.
Reference — CUNHA, M.B. da. Biblioteca digital: bibliografia das principais fontes de informação. Ciência da Informação, Brasília, v.39, n.1, p.88-107, Jan./Apr. 2010.
Citation — Cunha (2010) or (CUNHA, 2010)
Reference — BELKIN, N.J. The cognitive viewpoint in information science. Journal of Information Science, v.16, n.1, p.11-15, 1990. DOI: 10.1177/016555159001600104
Citation — Belkin (1990) or (BELKIN, 1990) - Book
Reference — LEITE, F.C.L. Como gerenciar e ampliar a visibilidade da informação científica brasileira: repositórios institucionais de acesso aberto. Brasília: Ibict, 2009. 120p.
Citation — Leite (2009) or (LEITE, 2009) - Book chapter
Reference — ROBREDO, J.; VILAN FILHO, J.L. Metrias da informação: história e tendências. In: ______.; BRÄSCHER, M. (Org.). Passeios pelo bosque da informação. Brasília: IBICT, 2010. p.184-258.
Citation — Robredo and Vilan Filho (2010) or (ROBREDO; VILAN FILHO, 2010) - Journal article
Reference — ROMANOS DE TIRATEL, S.; GIUNTI, G.M.; CONTARDI, S. Cambio y permanencia en las estrategias de difusión del conocimiento. Ciência da Informação, v.40, p.379-395, 2011.
Citation — Romanos de Tiratel, Giunti and Contardi (2011)
Reference — MADSEN, D. Interdisciplinarity in the information field. Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology, v.49, p.1-7, 2012.
Citation — Madsen (2012) or (MADSEN, 2012) - Dissertations and theses
Reference — SANTOS JUNIOR, E.R. Repositórios institucionais de acesso livre no Brasil: estudo Delfos. 2010. 177p. Dissertation (Master’s in Information Science) — Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, 2010.
Citation — Santos Junior (2010) or (SANTOS JUNIOR, 2010) - Newspaper article
Reference — SUAIDEN, E.J. Diretor do IBICT fala sobre divulgação científica. Jornal da Ciência, São Paulo, 7 Feb. 2013.
Citation — Suaiden (2013) or (SUAIDEN, 2013) - Event as a whole
Reference — ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE PESQUISA EM CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO, 11., 2010, Rio de Janeiro. Anais… Rio de Janeiro: UFRJ, 2010. 1 CD-ROM.
Citation — (ENCONTRO NACIONAL DE PESQUISA EM CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO, 2010) - Paper presented at an event
Reference — SOUZA, S.H.C. Conectando: um estudo de caso do uso das mídias digitais sociais pela Biblioteca de São Paulo. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE BIBLIOTECONOMIA, DOCUMENTAÇÃO E CIÊNCIA DA INFORMAÇÃO, 25., 2013, Florianópolis. Anais… São Paulo: FEBAB, 2013. 14p.
Citation — Souza (2013) or (SOUZA, 2013)
For other citation options, questions about the journal’s editorial guidelines and editorial process, or any other matter, please consult the pages of the journal’s electronic publishing system or contact the editorial team.